He pehea te paanga o nga tohu mana me nga raraunga PPK ki te tika o te tauira Ahu-3

I roto i enei whakamatautau e rua, i whakauruhia e matou nga taurangi rereke e wha hei manatoko i te tika o te tauira 3D. Ko nga taurangi rereke e wha ko:

1: Momo haruru kawe: he haruru VTOL he haruru-maha ranei

2: GSD rereke

3:Me/Karekau nga tohu whakahaere whenua

4:Me/Karekau he raraunga PPK

Whakamātautau 1: te painga o nga tohu mana whenua (GCPs) ki te tika o te tauira 3D;

Tikanga 1

Haruru kawe	He kamera titaha	GSD	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	2cm	Ae

Ripanga Hua 1:

Te maha o nga mea	inenga roa（L0）	Te roa tauira 3D（L1）kare he GCP	Te roa o te tauira 3D (L2) me te GCP	Ds1（L0-L1）	Ds2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.20	7.21	0.01	0.00
	8.706	8.71	8.68	0.00	0.03
	10.961	10.87	10.90	0.09	0.06
2	7.010	6.89	6.98	0.12	0.03
3	1.822	1.79	1.80	0.03	0.02
4	10.410	10.39	10.40	0.02	0.01
5	10.718	10.67	10.70	0.05	0.02
6	13.787	13.75	13.77	0.04	0.02
7	11.404	11.39	11.39	0.01	0.01
	12.147	12.13	12.13	0.02	0.02
8	7.526	7.51	7.49	0.02	0.04
	13.797	13.79	13.81	0.01	-0.01
9	10.374	10.35	10.36	0.02	0.01
10	2.109	2.03	2.02	0.08	0.09
	4.281	4.15	4.16	0.13	0.12
11	14.675	14.61	14.66	0.07	0.02
	8.600	8.60	8.54	0.00	0.06
12	13.394	13.37	13.35	0.02	0.04
13	12.940	12.88	12.89	0.06	0.05
14	7.190	7.20	7.18	-0.01	0.01
15	13.371	13.36	13.35	0.01	0.02
	6.435	6.40	6.41	0.03	0.02
16	3.742	3.75	3.72	-0.01	0.02
17	6.022	5.97	5.98	0.05	0.04
18	3.937	3.93	3.89	0.01	0.05
19	8.120	8.10	8.12	0.02	0.00
	14.411	14.40	14.40	0.01	0.01
20	6.077	6.04	6.03	0.04	0.05
21	13.696	13.65	13.66	0.05	0.04
RMSE: Ds1=0.0342m，Ds2=0.0308m

Tikanga 2

Haruru kawe	He kamera titaha	GSD	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	2cm	Kao

Ripanga Hua 2:

Te maha o nga mea	inenga roa（L0）	Te roa tauira 3D（L1）kare he GCP	Te roa o te tauira 3D (L2) me te GCP	Ds1（L0-L1）	Ds2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.18	7.18	0.030	0.030
	8.706	8.69	8.68	0.016	0.026
	10.961	10.89	10.91	0.071	0.051
2	7.010	6.88	6.92	0.130	0.090
3	1.822	1.76	1.79	0.062	0.032
4	10.410	10.38	10.39	0.030	0.020
5	10.718	10.65	10.66	0.068	0.058
6	13.787	13.72	13.77	0.067	0.017
7	11.404	11.41	11.38	-0.006	0.024
	12.147	12.13	12.12	0.017	0.027
8	7.526	7.44	7.47	0.086	0.056
	13.797	13.83	13.83	-0.033	-0.033
9	10.374	10.35	10.34	0.024	0.034
10	2.109	1.98	2.03	0.129	0.079
	4.281	4.14	4.18	0.141	0.101
11	14.675	14.55	14.59	0.125	0.085
	8.600	8.58	8.57	0.020	0.030
12	13.394	13.36	13.35	0.034	0.044
13	12.940	12.95	12.92	-0.010	0.020
14	7.190	7.21	7.21	-0.020	-0.020
15	13.371	13.36	13.36	0.011	0.011
	6.435	6.37	6.43	0.065	0.005
16	3.742	3.74	3.72	0.002	0.022
17	6.022	6.03	6.00	-0.008	0.022
18	3.937	3.91	3.94	0.027	-0.003
19	8.120	8.09	8.09	0.030	0.030
	14.411	14.40	14.41	0.011	0.001
20	6.077	6.06	6.03	0.017	0.047
21	13.696	13.68	13.65	0.016	0.046
RMSE: Ds1=0.0397m，Ds2=0.0328m

Tikanga 3

Haruru kawe	He kamera titaha	GSD	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	1.5cm	Ae

Ripanga Hua 3:

Te maha o nga mea	inenga roa（L0）	Te roa tauira 3D（L1）kare he GCP	Te roa o te tauira 3D (L2) me te GCP	Ds1（L0-L1）	Ds2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.20	7.21	0.01	0.00
	8.706	8.69	8.7	0.02	0.01
	10.961	10.88	10.89	0.08	0.07
2	7.010	6.87	6.99	0.14	0.02
3	1.822	1.75	1.78	0.07	0.04
4	10.410	10.38	10.39	0.03	0.02
5	10.718	10.69	10.69	0.03	0.03
6	13.787	13.78	13.76	0.01	0.03
7	11.404	11.38	11.39	0.02	0.01
	12.147	12.12	12.12	0.03	0.03
8	7.526	7.49	7.51	0.04	0.02
	13.797	13.78	13.8	0.02	0.00
9	10.374	10.34	10.35	0.03	0.02
10	2.109	2.02	2.11	0.09	0.00
	4.281	4.21	4.28	0.07	0.00
11	14.675	14.65	14.68	0.03	0.00
	8.600	8.57	8.53	0.03	0.07
12	13.394	13.40	13.37	-0.01	0.02
13	12.940	12.89	12.91	0.05	0.03
14	7.190	7.18	7.2	0.01	-0.01
15	13.371	13.38	13.35	-0.01	0.02
	6.435	6.46	6.4	-0.03	0.03
16	3.742	3.75	3.71	-0.01	0.03
17	6.022	5.97	5.98	0.05	0.04
18	3.937	3.91	3.89	0.03	0.05
19	8.120	8.08	8.1	0.04	0.02
	14.411	14.38	14.39	0.03	0.02
20	6.077	6.05	6.03	0.03	0.05
21	13.696	13.67	13.64	0.03	0.06
RMSE: Ds1=0.0328m，Ds2=0.0249m

Tikanga 4

Haruru kawe	He kamera titaha	GSD	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	1.5cm	Kao

Ripanga Hua 4:

Te maha o nga mea	inenga roa（L0）	Te roa tauira 3D（L1）kare he GCP	Te roa o te tauira 3D (L2) me te GCP	Ds1（L0-L1）	Ds2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.20	7.21	0.010	0
	8.706	8.65	8.68	0.056	0.026
	10.961	10.90	10.87	0.061	0.091
2	7.010	6.86	6.88	0.150	0.13
3	1.822	1.76	1.76	0.062	0.062
4	10.410	10.37	10.38	0.040	0.03
5	10.718	10.68	10.72	0.038	-0.002
6	13.787	13.71	13.79	0.077	-0.003
7	11.404	11.38	11.38	0.024	0.024
	12.147	12.12	12.13	0.027	0.017
8	7.526	7.49	7.53	0.036	-0.004
	13.797	13.77	13.78	0.027	0.017
9	10.374	10.35	10.37	0.024	0.004
10	2.109	2.09	2.11	0.019	-0.001
	4.281	4.19	4.28	0.091	0.001
11	14.675	14.64	14.67	0.035	0.005
	8.600	8.57	8.58	0.030	0.02
12	13.394	13.38	13.39	0.014	0.004
13	12.940	12.91	12.9	0.030	0.04
14	7.190	7.20	7.19	-0.010	0
15	13.371	13.38	13.37	-0.009	0.001
	6.435	6.43	6.42	0.005	0.015
16	3.742	3.70	3.7	0.042	0.042
17	6.022	5.99	5.98	0.032	0.042
18	3.937	3.94	3.91	-0.003	0.027
19	8.120	8.12	8.07	0.000	0.05
	14.411	14.37	14.38	0.041	0.031
20	6.077	6.04	6.04	0.037	0.037
21	13.696	13.65	13.65	0.046	0.046
RMSE: Ds1=0.0356m，Ds2=0.0259m

Tikanga 5

Haruru kawe	He kamera titaha	GSD	PPK
DJI M600 Pro Multi-rotor	DG4pros	1.5cm	Kao

Ripanga Hua 5:

Te maha o nga mea	inenga roa（L0）	Te roa tauira 3D（L1）kare he GCP	Te roa o te tauira 3D (L2) me te GCP	Ds1（L0-L1）	Ds2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.19	7.21	0.02	0.00
	8.706	8.70	8.70	0.01	0.01
	10.961	10.91	10.91	0.05	0.05
2	7.010	6.98	6.98	0.03	0.03
3	1.822	1.79	1.80	0.03	0.02
4	10.410	10.39	10.39	0.02	0.02
5	10.718	10.69	10.70	0.03	0.02
6	13.787	13.76	13.75	0.03	0.04
7	11.404	11.38	11.38	0.02	0.02
	12.147	12.12	12.13	0.03	0.02
8	7.526	7.50	7.49	0.03	0.04
	13.797	13.77	13.79	0.03	0.01
9	10.374	10.33	10.35	0.04	0.02
10	2.109	2.02	2.07	0.09	0.04
	4.281	4.20	4.21	0.08	0.07
11	14.675	14.65	14.66	0.03	0.02
	8.600	8.57	8.57	0.03	0.03
12	13.394	13.35	13.35	0.04	0.04
13	12.940	12.92	12.93	0.02	0.01
14	7.190	7.17	7.18	0.02	0.01
15	13.371	13.35	13.36	0.02	0.01
	6.435	6.41	6.42	0.02	0.01
16	3.742	3.70	3.71	0.04	0.03
17	6.022	5.99	6.00	0.03	0.02
18	3.937	3.89	3.91	0.05	0.03
19	8.120	8.08	8.10	0.04	0.02
	14.411	14.36	14.35	0.05	0.06
20	6.077	6.06	6.06	0.02	0.02
21	13.696	13.65	13.67	0.05	0.03
RMSE: Ds1=0.0342m，Ds2=0.0256m

Whakamutunga

Ko nga taurangi o te whakamatautau 1 ko:

1:Me/Karekau he raraunga PPK.

2:Momo haruru kawe : he haruru VTOL he haruru maha-rotor ranei

3: GSD rereke: 1.5 cm, 2cm ranei

I muri i te wetewete i nga huinga e rima o nga raraunga whakamatautau, ka taea e tatou te whakatau i nga whakatau e whai ake nei:

Ina he DG4Pros te kamera titaha:

(1) Ma te / Karekau he tohu mana whenua (GCP) e uru ana ki roto i te tapatoru AT, ahakoa he VTOL, he drone maha-rotor ranei, ahakoa he 2cm, he 1.5cm ranei te GSD, ka taea e te tauira 3D i hangaia e DG4Pros kaamera oblique te tutuki i te whakaritenga o te hapa tika whanaunga Ds≤10cm.

(2) Mena he GCP te taurangi kotahi, he pai ake te tika o te tauira 3D me nga GCP i tera kaore he GCP.

(3) Ina ko te GSD te taurangi kotahi, ko te tika o te ahua o te tauira 3D he pai ake te GSD 1.5cm i tera GSD 2cm.

(4) Ina ko te haruru kawe te taurangi kotahi, ko te tika o te tauira 3D he pai ake te whakamahi i te roto-maha i te whakamahi VTOL hei haruru kawe.

Whakamātautau 2: Karekau he GCP, te pānga o te raraunga PPK ki te tika o te tauira Ahu-3

Tikanga 1

Haruru kawe	He kamera titaha	GSD	Nga GCP
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	2cm	NO

Ripanga Hua 1:

Te maha o nga mea	inenga roa（L0）	Te roa tauira 3D（L1）kare he PPK	Te roa o te tauira 3D (L2) me te PPK	Ds1（L0-L1）	Ds2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.18	7.20	0.030	0.01
	8.706	8.69	8.71	0.016	0.00
	10.961	10.89	10.87	0.071	0.09
2	7.010	6.88	6.89	0.130	0.12
3	1.822	1.76	1.79	0.062	0.03
4	10.410	10.38	10.39	0.030	0.02
5	10.718	10.65	10.67	0.068	0.05
6	13.787	13.72	13.75	0.067	0.04
7	11.404	11.41	11.39	-0.006	0.01
	12.147	12.13	12.13	0.017	0.02
8	7.526	7.44	7.51	0.086	0.02
	13.797	13.83	13.79	-0.033	0.01
9	10.374	10.35	10.35	0.024	0.02
10	2.109	1.98	2.03	0.129	0.08
	4.281	4.14	4.15	0.141	0.13
11	14.675	14.55	14.61	0.125	0.07
	8.600	8.58	8.60	0.020	0.00
12	13.394	13.36	13.37	0.034	0.02
13	12.940	12.95	12.88	-0.010	0.06
14	7.190	7.21	7.20	-0.020	-0.01
15	13.371	13.36	13.36	0.011	0.01
	6.435	6.37	6.40	0.065	0.03
16	3.742	3.74	3.75	0.002	-0.01
17	6.022	6.03	5.97	-0.008	0.05
18	3.937	3.91	3.93	0.027	0.01
19	8.120	8.09	8.10	0.030	0.02
	14.411	14.40	14.40	0.011	0.01
20	6.077	6.06	6.04	0.017	0.04
21	13.696	13.68	13.65	0.016	0.05
RMSE Ds1=0.0397m，Ds2=0.0342m

Tōmua：He pehea te paheketanga o te chromatic aberration me te distortion ki ima

Panuku:He pehea te paanga o te roa o te arotahi ki nga hua whakatauira Ahu-3

Hoki mai

RIY nga kamera titaha

RIE nga kamera arotahi kotahi

Nga taputapu

Ngaio

He pai ake i te mama

Whakaorangia te wa

Akohia te mahi i roto i te 10 meneti

Te kounga teitei o te ahua me te tika

Putanga tukutahi

He pakari me te haumaru

Ka taea te whakauru ki nga momo drones maha

Rangahau/GIS

Taone Maamaa

Hangahanga/Maina

Te tiaki i nga whare tapoi/tawhito

Hoia/Pihiihimana

Tuhinga

Whakamātautau 1: te painga o nga tohu mana whenua (GCPs) ki te tika o te tauira 3D;

Tikanga 1

Ripanga Hua 1:

Tikanga 2

Ripanga Hua 2:

Tikanga 3

Ripanga Hua 3:

Tikanga 4

Ripanga Hua 4:

Tikanga 5

Ripanga Hua 5:

Whakamutunga

Whakamātautau 2: Karekau he GCP, te pānga o te raraunga PPK ki te tika o te tauira Ahu-3

Tikanga 1

Ripanga Hua 1:

NGA HUA+

NGA TONO+

Tuhinga+

Mo matou+

WHAKAPAKI MAI